CCNA_COURSE

  Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is a Layer 2 protocol that runs on bridges and switches. The specification for STP is IEEE 802.1D. The main purpose of STP is to ensure that you do not create loops when you have redundant paths in your network. Loops are deadly to a network. In this figure we can see, we use two copper cross over cable. Because if one cable down then another cable can transfer data. When we use two cable there can be 3 problem. Those are     Broadcast Strom     Multiple Frame Copies     CAM table Instabilities To avoid those problem we use STP and it build in every switch. How STP works 1 st step: Find Root bridge switch Which switch has the lowest MAC address is the root bridge switch. In figure we can see, switch0 has 0009.7CB9.000 is the lowest MAC address of two switch. So switch0 is the root bridge.   2 nd step: Find Root port Cost to reach root switch. In figure there are two pa...

  Why we configure Overload NAT: In Dynamic NAT each and every users need each IP addresses. So a lot of public IP address needed. That’s why we use Overloading NAT to avoid waste of IP address. We can use 1 or 2 or 3 IP address to finished the NAT configuration.   To configure Overloading NAT on Cisco devices, following steps are required: 1.     Configure private/public IP address mapping by using the ip nat inside source PRIVATE_IP PUBLIC_IP command 2.     Configure the router’s inside interface using the ip nat inside command 3.     Configure the router’s outside interface using the ip nat outside command               Steps to configure Overloading NAT on Cisco devices through CLI   Steps 1: Put IP address in every ports. But remember to put private IP into local inside and outside local to public IP.     PC0: Right click on PC0 t...

  Why we configure Dynamic NAT: In Static NAT we have to configure each and every users but when we have a lot of user we cannot configure each and every one by one. So we use Dynamic NAT to configure all the user at a time.   To configure dynamic NAT on Cisco devices, following steps are required: 1.     Configure private/public IP address mapping by using the ip nat inside source PRIVATE_IP PUBLIC_IP command 2.     Configure the router’s inside interface using the ip nat inside command 3.     Configure the router’s outside interface using the ip nat outside command   Steps to configure static NAT on Cisco devices through CLI   Steps 1: Put IP address in every ports. But remember to put private IP into local inside and outside local to public IP.     PC0: Right click on PC0 then click IP Configuration and put IP 10.0.0.2  ...

  Static configuration   To cTo Configure static NAT on Cisco devices, following steps are required: 1.     1. Configure private/public IP address mapping by using the ip nat inside source static                        PRIVATE_IP PUBLIC_IP command 2 .    2 . Configure the router’s inside interface using the ip nat inside command 3.      3.   Configure the router’s outside interface using the ip nat outside command   Steps to configure static NAT on Cisco devices through CLI   Steps 1: Put IP address in every ports. But remember to put private IP into local inside and outside local to public IP.   PC0: Right click on PC0 then click IP Configuration and put IP 10.0.0.2 Subnet 255.0.0.0 Default Gateway 10.0.0.1     Do so same for PC1 and PC2 PC1: Right click on PC...